Street crossing



March 6, 1928.

E. MIHALIAK.

STREET CROSSING Filed Jan. 5-, 192 e Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTOR N EY E. MIHALIAK STREET CROSSING March 6, 1928.

Filed Jan. 5. 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 IWIMI INVENTOR ATTOR N EY March 6, 1928.

Filed Jan. 5, 192 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 (III! INVENTOR ATTO R N EY March 6, 1928. 1,661,490

E. MIHALIAK STREET CROSSING Filed Jan. 5. 1927 s sheets-sheet 4 EQQ/ardJZZ Z INVENTOR ATTO RN EY March 6, 1928.

E. MIHALIAK STREET CROSSING Fil ed Jan. 5.

192 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATToRNv March 6, 1928.

E. MIHALIAK STREET CROSSING Filed Jan. 5, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 immijyikagm INVENTOR ATTO R N EY Patented Mar. 6, 1928.

EDWARD MIHALIAK, Cl]? BR-OOKFIELD, ILLINOIS.

STREET CROSSING.

Application filed January This invention relates to a system of street crossings for facilitating the movement or vehicles and iiedestrians at street intersections and for greatly eliminating the possibility of accidents, while also eliminating the need of trallic directors such as police officers and signal lights, and has for its principal object the provision of an rmproved construction 01 this character which will. be highly efficient in use and economical in manufacture.

Amoi'ig the several objects of the invention is to provide a street crossing system in which the traliic lanes will always afford a continuous free travel of vehicles and also free movement of 11 edestrians oil" of the level 01 the streets.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the novel combination. and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

The invention will be best understood by reference to the ucconipai'iying drawings, showing the preferred form of constri'iction, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a street crossing cuiboding my invention,

Fig. 2 is a sectional detail view taken substantially on line 2-2 of Fig. 1, c

Fig. 3 is a sectional detail view taken substantially on line 33 of Fig. 1,

Fig. lis a sectional detail view taken substantially on line 4l-4l of Fig. 1.,

Fig. 5 is a plan, view of a street crossing eniliiodying the invention showing a modified form o'l construction,

Fig. 6 is a sectional detail. view taken sub staiitially on line (36 of Fig. 5,

- F ig. 7 a sectional detail view taken sub slantially on line T7 of Fig. 5,

Fig. 8 is a sectional detail view taken sulr stantially on line 8-8 of Fig. 5,

. ll ig. 9 is a plan view of a street crossing embodying the invention showing a still further modified form of construction,

Fig. 1!) is a sectional detail view taken substantially on line 101.() of Fig. 9,

Fig. 11 is a sectional. detail view taken substantially on line 11l1 of Fig. 9,

Fig. 12 a sectional detail view taken substantially on line 1212 of Fig. 9,

l ig. 13; is a plan view of a street crosslng embodying the invention showing a still further modified form of construction,

. Fig. 14: a sectional detail view taken substantially on line lsl l l of Fig. 13,

5, 1927. Serial No. 159,205.

Fig. 15 is a sectional detail view taken substantially on line 15 15 of Fig. 18, and

F ig. 16 is a sectional detail view taken substantially on line 16-16 of Fig. 13.

Referring first to F 1 to 4- inclusive illustrating the preferred form of construction, 10 and 11 indicate two intersecting streets and located on the opposite sides of the streets are sidewalks 12 for the movement of pedestrian traflic. The pedestrian traffic cross the streets is accomplished by means of a bridge 13 disposed centrally with respect to the intersection of the streets and leading to this bridge are Stairways 14. A pedestrian who is desirous of crossing "from one side of the street to the other ascends one of the stairways 14 to reach the bridge 13 and descends from the opposite stairway to the opposite side of the street. The bridge 13 is substantially rectangular in plan view thereby affording movement of pedestrians over either of the streets or from corner to corner of the streets.

Beneath the bridge 13 are two parallel trackways 15 which alf'ord movement of 0 rs parallel withthe street 10. ()n oppo site sides of the street 11 and centrally located within the street 10 are entrances 16 of a tunnel 17. As shown, the trackways 15 separate for position on opposite sides of the entrances oi? the trackway. Extending parallel with the street 11 are parallel ex tending trackways 16. These trackways 16 afford movement of cars parallel with the street 11 and cross the trackways 15 through the tunnel 17. By tunnelling the trackways 16 it will be apparent that cars moving along the trackways 15 will not interfere with the continuous movement 01 cars moving along the trackways 16. Leading into the tunnel 17 are parallel car rerouting trackways 18 and 19 upon which cars are switched from the trackway 15. The cars on the trackway 18 of the trackway 19 travel through the tunnel :in the direction of arrows at back upon the trackway 18 of the trackways 19. The cars on the trackway 19 travel through the tunnel in the direction of arrows 6 back on the trackway 19 of the trackways 18. Or if it is found necessary cars on the trackways 18 and 19 may be rerouted to travel in an opposite direction than that indicated by the arrows a. and 7) as in the direction of arrows 0. However, it will be seen that a car moving along the trackways 18 and 19 in either of these directions will tan enter the tunnel beneath the trackways 15 and 16 and therefore eliminate interference with movement of cars on the main track- Ways 15 and 16.

Main vehicle traffic lanes are indicated at 22 and 23 and extend parallel with the track Ways 16 for vehicle movement beneath the bridge 13 through tunnels 241 beneath the trackways 15 above the trackways 18 and 19 and on a level with the trackways 16. Pedestrians desirous of ascending cars on the trackways 1G descend from the bridge 13 by means of stairways 25 onto platforms 26.

Extending parallel with the trackways 1.5 are main vehicle tratiic lanes 28 and 29. The vehicle traffic in turning to the right at the street intersection takes a course in the direction of arrows 0 through curved lanes 27 which extendbeneath the stairways 14: without interference with the traliic moving on the car trackways.

Left turn of the vehicle traflic from the lane from one lane to another, as from the lane 28 to the lane 22, the traffic moves across the street 10, on the lane 28 and takes a course through the curved lane 27 in the direction of the arrow (Z beneath the track- 'Ways 1.5 onto the lane 22. Thus, it will be seen that left turns from one main lane to the other mail] lane does not interfere with moving travel on the other main lanes and trackways.

If a vehicle moving on one main lane is to be directed to the lane parallel with this one main lane the vehicle, without trallic interference, is directed in a course indicated by the arrows e beneath the trackways 15 as from lane 28 to lane 29.

Referring to Fig. 5.

In this figure is illustrated a modified form of construction and attention is directed to the fact that the car trackways are identical .in arrangement to the car track- Ways in Fig. land therefore the modification resides mainly in the vehicle traflic lanes Which will be described.

In this modified form of construction a vehicle to make a left turn from one of the main lanes to a main lane running at right angles therewith, as from the lane 23 to the lane 28, travels in the direction of the arrows f through a tunnel 30 up an incline to the upper level 80 across the lanes 22 and 23 parallel with the trackways 15 onto the lane 28.

A vehicle travelling on one main lane, to return in the opposite direction on the main lane parallel with said one lane, as from lane 22 to lane 23, travels in the direction of arrows it through tunnels 31 along the lane 29 down through tunnels 32 onto lane 23- Referring to Figs. 9 to 12 inclusive the intersecting streets are indicated at and a6. In this modified form of construction there are provided two opposite bridges l7 and 48 joined together by a bridge 49. Ascending and descending to the bridges is accomplished by stairways 50 which are mounted from the sidewalks 51. A main traffic lane is indicated at 52 and extending parallel in this traffic lane are trackways 53 which may be same as in Fig. 1. A traific lane 54 intersects the traffic lane 52 and crosses above the trackways 53 and lane 52 through a tunnel 55.

Left turns for the vehicle traliic from the main lanes is accomplished by directing the vehicle traliic,as, for instance, from the lane 52 up an incline 56, in the direction of arrows g over a bridge 57" down=an incline 57 and onto the lane 54.

To direct vehicles in opposite directions on the same main lane, as, for instance, to lane 54:, the traffic travels in the direction of the arrows i beneath a bridge 58, up an incline 57 and down the incline 59 from the bridge 57 for travel in the direction of arrows'i to direct vehicle traffic from the right hand of lane lo the leftside fortravel on the right of the lane 52 the: traiflicmoves in the direction of arrows is up an incline 60 over the bridge down an incline (31 on the right of lane 52.

The right turns from one lane to an opposite lane is accomplished through lanes 62 in the direction of arrows Z.

The constructimi illustrated and described in this modified form is especially adapted for intersecting streets where a car runs on but one street and from the description herein it will be manifest that continuous movement of the traffic may be permitted without interference. T he arrangement of street car tracks may be same as in Fig. 1 or 5.

In the modified form of construction illus trated in Figs. 13 to 16inclusive the intersecting streets are indicated at 64 and (35. On the street (35 are trackways 66 and branching from these trackways 66 are trackways 67 which take a course through the tunnel 68 in the direction of the arrows 921. On the street 64 are traclnvays 69 which join trackvays 70 for movementof cars parallel with this street. The traclrway 71 of the trackways 69 takes a course through the tunnel 72' and the't-rackway 73 of the trackways 70 takes a course through the tunnel 7 1. From this it will be seen that the cars moving on the traclnvays (36 can make a right and left turn on the trackways (i9 and 70 and that a car moving along the trackways 69 and '70 will continuously move without interference with the cars moving on the trackways 66. A bridge 75 is likewise provided in this modified form of constructkm to permit pedestrians to crossthe intersect ing streets and this is accomplished by ascending and descending stairways 76 from sidewalks 77.

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The main tratlic lanes are indicated at 7 8, 7'9, and S1. Trailic moving from the lane 78 to the lane 79 and from the lane 80 to the lane 81. will travel through curved lanes 82.

Left turns for vehicle trallic from lanes 79 to 78 or lanes 8i. to 80 is directed, in the direction of arrows in, down an incline to tl'irough a tunnel Sat upan incline onto the lane 78 or ti-f0 as the case may be, for straight travel. To make a left turn as from lane 78 to 81 or 80 to 78, the vehicle (radio is directed in the direction of arrows n down the imzlii'ie 86 through a tunnel 86 on to the la e. 79 or 81, as the case may be.

lln this form of construction, the sewer,

and water pipes are indicated at 89.

in all. :iiorms oii construction of my improved. street crossing it will be apparent that tratlic may he moved in one direction without interference otii movei'nent of trailic in a direction substantially at right angles with the movement of the traiiic in this direction and that the construction will, be of great value when used in connection with subways.

While I have illustrated and described. the prclierreiil form of coi'istruction for carrying my invention into effect, this is capable ot variation and modification, without departing trom the spirit of the invention, 1, there-- fore, do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction set forth, but desire to avail myself of such variations and niodi tications as come within the scope oi the appended, claims.

'lhe invention having been set forth, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Lettors Patent is:

l. A street crossing comprising two street car tracltways elevated one above the other and extending substantially at right angles with I'tiiPI-EClI l'O each other, vehicle traiiic lanes on opposite sides oi the traclrways, curved lanes at the corners of the street crossing and coin'iecting adjacent trallic lanes to permit right and left turn oi vehicles moving on the tratlic lanes, and a bridge structure permitting pedestrian travel over the traclcways and trafiic lanes.

2, A street crossing comprising two elevated main tratlie lanes extending substantially at right angles with respect to each other, on red traiiic lanes at the corners ot' the street crossing connecting adjacent main trailic lanes together and permitting tratlie moving along the main traiiic lanes to make left and right turns, and a bridge structure iiernii'lting pedestrian travel over the trackways and tra'liie lanes.

3. A street crossing comprising two elevated main trailic lanes extending substantially at right angles with respect to each other, curved trailic lane at the corners of the street crossing connecting adjacent main tratlic lanes together and permitting trailic and on thesame levels therewith, and trackways connected with the first mentioned trackways and directed through the tunnels permitting cars moving on the first mentioned traclnvay to make left turns for more i ment in an opposite direction.

4. A. street crossing comprising two ele vated main trailic lanes extending substantially at right angles with respect to each other, curved trafiic lanes at the corners of the street crossing connecting adjacent main trallic lanes together and pormittn'ig tratlie moving along the main traiiic lanes to make left and right turns, street car trackways extending parallel with the main tra'tlic lanes and on the same levels tlu-irewith, trackways connected with the first mentioned trackways and directed through the tunnels permitting cars moving on the first mentioned trackway to maize left turns tor movement in. an. opposite direction, and a bridge structure pern'iitting iiiedestrian travel over the traclrways and trafiic lanes. A street crossing comprising two elevated main tral'iic lanes extendin substantially at right angles with respect to each other, street car traclnvays extci'iding parallel. with the main lanes and on the same level therewith and substantially at right angles with respect to .each other, a tunnel, construction beneath one oil? said main lanes, and trackways connected with the first mentioned traclcways and extending through the tunnels to permit rerouting of cars traich ling along said first mentioned tracliwir s.

(3. A street crossing comprising two elevated main traffic lanes extending substantially at right angles with respect to each other, street car trackways extending parallel with the main lanes and on the same level. therewith and substantially at right angles with respeit to each other, a tunnel con struction beneath one of said main lanes, and trackways connected with the first men tioned traclnwiys and extending through the tunnels to permit rerouting ()fl' ears travel ling along said first mentioi'icd trackwavs. and curved lanes at corners of the street crossing permitting right and left turn of tratiic travelling on said main lanes.

iug.con'iprising two elei. A street cr rated main traiiic lanes extending substain iialiy at right angles with res'iect to each other. street car traclrways extending parallel with the main lanes and on the f-ililii level therewith and substantially at right angles with rei-ipect to each other, tunnel eoiistriiction beneath one o i said. main lanes. traclrwz'iys connected with the first mentioned trackways and extending through the tunuels to permit rerouting o'l cars travelling along said iii-st mentioned trackways, and a ill Hill

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bridge structure permitting pedestrian travel over the trackways and traiiic lanes.

8. A street crossing comprising two elevated main l'rallic lanes extending substantially at right angles with respect to each other, street car trackways extending parallel with the main lanes and on the same level therewith and substantially at right angles with I'OSPKL'L to each other, a tunnel conarnction beneath one of said main lanes, traeluvays connected with the first mentioned trachways and extending through the tannels to perm t rrrznning of the cars travel ling along said lirsl mentioned traek'vvays, and curved lanes at the rm'ners of street crossing permit ng right an le'lt tin-not lraliic travelli on said main lanes, and

we pern'nlting pedestrian a. bridge true travel ver llae traeluvaya and tratlic lane.

A street (l'OSfilllQ' comprising two elevated main traiiic lanes extending substantially at right angles with respect to each other, a traliic lane tunneled beneatl'i one of the main lanes to permi 1 it turn of vehicles travelling from one main lane to the other main lane, and other 'tunneled lane permitting travel o'l" vehicles on the main lanes in an opposite direction.

l A street crossing connirising two elel'lltl', a tile lane llhe main lanes to permit lel't turn oi' vehicles travelling i i-om one main lane to the ohr-r main lane, other tunneled lanes ting travel of vehicles on the. main lanes in an opposite direction, and a bridge structure permitting pedestrizm travel over the traiiic lanes.

It street crossing comprising two elerated main tin-attic lanes extending substanat right angles with respect to each other, a trallic lane llmneledbeneath one ol' the main lanes to permit le'll turn oi rehi -ies travelling from one main lane to tie oiher main lane, other innneled lanes permiiling travel, of vehicles on the main lane: n an opposite directioi'l. and street 1-1 extending parallel with the lunar-led benea'h one tialla main lanes and upon the same level there with 12. street eros zing comp 'ising two elevated mzrn traliic lanes extending substantially at i =hl' tiIlg'lGF; with l'til'llCll to earl: other. a iilli'lif lane tnnneled beneath one of lh." "'1 anez-i to permit left turn of vehicles lravellia from one main lane to triiiclawayu extending parallel with the main lanes and upon the same level therewith, and other street car trackways tunneled beneath the mainlaneslor permitting rerouting of cars moving along the first mentioned trackways.

13. A street crossing comprising twoelevated main traffic lanes extending substantially at right angles with respect to each other, a tra'lfic-lane tunneled beneath one ol the main lanes to permit left turn or vehicles travelling from one main lane to the other mainlane, other tunneled lanes permitting travel of vehicles on the main lanes in an opposite direction, street car tracliways extending paralletwith the main lanes and upon the same level therewith, other street car traekways tunneled beneath the main lanes for pern'litting rerouting of cars moving along the-first mentioned tracle ways, and curved lanes connecting adjacent ot the main lanes together to permit right turn of vehicles moving on the main-lanes- A street crossing comprising two elevated main trattic lanes extending substantially at right angles with respect to each other, a tra'tlie lane tmmeled'beneathone ol the main lanes to permit-left turnof vehicles travelliin'; from one main lane'to the other main lane, other tunneled lanes permitting travel oi? vehicles on theanain lanes inan opposite direction,-street car tracltvvays extending parallel with the main lanes and upon the same level therewith, other street air trackways tunneled beneath the main lanes for permitting rerouting of cars moving along the [ii-st mentioned trackwavs, curved lanes connecting-adjacent ol the main lanes together to permit right turn of vehicles moving on the main lanes, and a bridge structure pern'iitting pedestrian travel over the trackways'and trafliclanes.

A street crossing comprising two elevated main tratlic lanes extending substantially at right angles with'respect to each lher, a-tri'iilic-lane tunneled beneath one of the main lanes to permit left turn of vehicles travellinglrom one main lane to the other main lane, other tunneled lanes permitting travel at vehicles on the main lanes in an opposite direction, streetcar tracl; ays (attending parallel with the main lanes and upon the same level therewith, other street car traclnva vs tunneled beneath the main lanes for permitting rerouting of cars moving along the first mentioned trackways, and a bridge structure. permitting peiflestrian travel over the traclnvays and tratlic lanes.

in testimony whereof I atlix my signature.

EDlVARD MIHALIAK. V

till 

